Long-billed Curlew illustration
Birdsong field guide

Long-billed Curlew

Numenius americanus

The Long-billed Curlew is North America's largest shorebird, characterized by its cinnamon-buff plumage and an extraordinarily long, decurved bill.

What it sounds like

A loud, rising, two-syllable whistle: 'cur-lee!', often accompanied by rapid, rhythmic piping notes.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Bruce Lagerquist · United StatesCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • The female's bill is typically longer than the male's and features a more pronounced curve at the tip.
  • It was historically nicknamed the 'candlestick bird,' providing the name for San Francisco's former Candlestick Park.
  • Despite being classified as a shorebird, it breeds in dry, open interior grasslands and sagebrush steppes.
  • The bill acts like a pair of long forceps, allowing the bird to extract earthworms and deep-burrowing shrimp.
  • During the breeding season, they perform dramatic 'V'-shaped aerial displays accompanied by loud, melodic whistling.
Habitat
Native shortgrass prairies and wet meadows for breeding; coastal mudflats, salt marshes, and beaches for wintering.
Range
Breeds in the Great Plains and Great Basin of the western United States and Canada; winters along the Pacific and Gulf coasts to Central America.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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