Manx Shearwater illustration
Birdsong field guide

Manx Shearwater

Puffinus puffinus

A medium-sized, long-winged seabird known for its remarkable trans-equatorial migrations and graceful gliding flight just above the ocean waves. It is a colonial breeder that spends the majority of its life at sea, returning to land only to nest in underground burrows.

What it sounds like

A rhythmic, haunting series of raucous, guttural croaks and screams, often transcribed as 'it-ti-kak-oo'.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. David Boyle · United KingdomCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • One individual holds the record for the oldest known wild bird in the UK, reaching at least 55 years of age.
  • They utilize 'dynamic soaring' to cover vast distances, using the wind shear above waves to minimize energy expenditure.
  • During the breeding season, they are strictly nocturnal at their colonies to avoid predation by large gulls.
  • They migrate over 10,000 kilometers annually from the North Atlantic to wintering grounds off the coast of South America.
  • Manx Shearwaters are highly philopatric, often returning to the exact same nesting burrow and mate for many consecutive years.
Habitat
Pelagic waters and offshore islands with soft soil or rocky crevices for burrowing.
Range
Breeds in the North Atlantic (primarily UK, Ireland, Iceland, and France); winters in the South Atlantic, mainly off Brazil and Argentina.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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