Ivory-billed Woodpecker illustration
Birdsong field guide

Ivory-billed Woodpecker

Campephilus principalis

The Ivory-billed Woodpecker is one of the world's largest woodpeckers, distinguished by its massive ivory-colored bill and iconic black-and-white plumage. Long considered the 'Holy Grail' of birding, it is widely feared extinct due to the destruction of its specialized forest habitat.

What it sounds like

A nasal, repetitive 'kent' call that sounds similar to a toy tin trumpet.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Rachel Webster · United StatesCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It is the largest woodpecker found north of Mexico, reaching a length of approximately 20 inches with a 30-inch wingspan.
  • The species is famous for its diagnostic 'double-knock' drum, a rapid two-tap signal characteristic of the genus Campephilus.
  • Native Americans used the bills of this species for trade and ornamentation, valuing them as symbols of status and power.
  • Its primary diet consists of large beetle larvae, specifically those found in recently dead but still standing hardwood trees.
  • The last universally accepted sighting occurred in 1944 in the Singer Tract of Louisiana, though unconfirmed reports continue to spark debate.
Habitat
Extensive, undisturbed bottomland hardwood forests and cypress-tupelo swamps with high densities of dead wood.
Range
Historically the Southeastern United States and Cuba.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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