Imperial Woodpecker illustration
Birdsong field guide

Imperial Woodpecker

Campephilus imperialis

The Imperial Woodpecker is the world's largest woodpecker species, now critically endangered and possibly extinct, formerly endemic to the high-altitude forests of Mexico.

What it sounds like

Described as a series of nasal, toy-trumpet-like 'hk-hk-hk' notes, along with a powerful and resonant double-knock drum.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
No reference call found yet · Xeno-canto

Field notes

  • It is the largest woodpecker ever recorded, reaching total body lengths of up to 60 centimeters (24 inches).
  • A single breeding pair required a massive territory of at least 26 square kilometers of undisturbed old-growth forest.
  • Unlike many solitary large woodpeckers, this species was known to travel in social family groups of up to eight individuals.
  • The bird was often targeted by locals for food, traditional medicine, and to prevent it from damaging timber trees.
  • The only known motion picture of the species is a short 16mm film clip taken in 1956, which remains the last confirmed record.
Habitat
Mature, high-altitude montane pine-oak and old-growth coniferous forests above 2,100 meters.
Range
Sierra Madre Occidental of Mexico.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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