Bonaparte's Gull illustration
Birdsong field guide

Bonaparte's Gull

Chroicocephalus philadelphia

A small, tern-like gull characterized by its striking black hood during the breeding season and its unique habit of nesting in trees.

What it sounds like

A raspy, nasal, and high-pitched 'teer' or 'churr' that is more reminiscent of a tern than a typical gull.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Andrew Harrop · United KingdomCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It is the only gull species that regularly builds its nest in trees, typically selecting conifers in the boreal forest.
  • The bird is named after Charles Lucien Bonaparte, a nephew of Napoleon and a pioneering ornithologist in America.
  • During the winter, the black hood is lost, leaving a distinctive dark 'ear spot' behind each eye.
  • Unlike most gulls, it rarely scavenges at landfills, preferring to hunt for insects in the air or small fish at the water's surface.
  • They are highly migratory, traveling from subarctic breeding grounds to as far south as Mexico and the Caribbean.
Habitat
Boreal forest lakes and marshes for breeding; coastal bays, estuaries, and large inland lakes during winter.
Range
Breeds across Alaska and Canada; winters along the Pacific and Atlantic coasts of North America.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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