White-rumped Sandpiper illustration
Birdsong field guide

White-rumped Sandpiper

Calidris fuscicollis

The White-rumped Sandpiper is a long-distance migratory shorebird distinguished by its exceptionally long wings and a hidden white patch on the upper tail coverts. It is a member of the 'peep' group but is easily identified in flight by its namesake field mark.

What it sounds like

A very thin, high-pitched, mouse-like squeak, often transcribed as a sharp 'jeet' or 'tzit'.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. JAYRSON ARAUJO DE OLIVEIRA · BrazilCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It performs one of the longest migrations in the Western Hemisphere, traveling over 8,000 miles from the High Arctic to southern South America.
  • Unlike most other small sandpipers, its wings are so long that they extend significantly beyond the tip of the tail when folded.
  • The white rump patch is actually formed by the upper-tail coverts and is typically only visible when the bird is in flight.
  • During the breeding season, males perform unique hovering flight displays while producing rhythmic, guttural, and metallic sounds.
  • They are primarily 'head-up' feeders, often wading into deeper water than other peeps to probe for aquatic invertebrates and larvae.
Habitat
Breeds on wet Arctic tundra; utilizes mudflats, freshwater marshes, and coastal estuaries during migration and winter.
Range
Breeds across the High Arctic of North America; migrates through central/eastern North America to winter in southern South America, including Tierra del Fuego.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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