Volcano Hummingbird illustration
Birdsong field guide

Volcano Hummingbird

Selasphorus flammula

A diminutive hummingbird endemic to high-altitude volcanic peaks, distinguished by its metallic gorget that varies in color between specific mountain ranges.

What it sounds like

High-pitched, squeaky 'tsip' notes and mechanical wing-humming in flight.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Peter Boesman · Costa RicaCC BY-NC-NDXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It is the smallest bird found within its geographic range, typically weighing only 2.5 to 3 grams.
  • The species is divided into three subspecies, each with a different gorget color: rose-red, purple-red, or orange-red depending on the volcano inhabited.
  • Unlike many hummingbirds, it frequently feeds on low-growing flowers while perched rather than exclusively hovering.
  • Males produce a distinct mechanical whistling sound with their wings during high-speed aerial diving displays.
  • It is a high-altitude specialist, rarely found below 1,850 meters and ranging up to the timberline.
Habitat
Subalpine paramo, shrubby forest edges, and open montane scrubland.
Range
Highlands of Costa Rica and western Panama.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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