Swainson's Hawk illustration
Birdsong field guide

Swainson's Hawk

Buteo swainsoni

A slim, long-winged Buteo of the American West, famous for its transcontinental migration and unique dietary preference for insects.

What it sounds like

A thin, high-pitched, and plaintive whistled 'kree-eee' that is less raspy than the call of a Red-tailed Hawk.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
0:00 / 7:17
Rec. Richard E. Webster · United StatesCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • Undergoes one of the longest migrations of any North American raptor, traveling up to 12,000 miles round-trip to wintering grounds in Argentina.
  • Known as the 'Grasshopper Hawk' because it spends much of the non-breeding season foraging for large insects on the ground.
  • Displays distinct plumage polymorphism, with light-morph individuals featuring a characteristic dark reddish-brown 'bib' on the upper breast.
  • Highly gregarious during migration, forming massive flocks called 'kettles' that can consist of thousands of individuals.
  • Frequently follows agricultural machinery, such as tractors and plows, to opportunistically hunt rodents and insects flushed by the equipment.
Habitat
Open country including prairies, shrub-steppe, and agricultural fields with scattered trees for nesting.
Range
Breeds across western North America; winters primarily in the Pampas region of southern South America.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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