Ferruginous Hawk illustration
Birdsong field guide

Ferruginous Hawk

Buteo regalis

The Ferruginous Hawk is the largest Buteo in North America, a regal raptor distinguished by its rusty plumage and unique feathered legs.

What it sounds like

A harsh, scratchy, descending 'kree-a' or 'kee-ah' that is generally higher-pitched and weaker than a Red-tailed Hawk's scream.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Sue Riffe · United StatesCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It is one of only two North American hawk species with feathers extending all the way down to the toes.
  • The species has an exceptionally wide gape, with the mouth line extending back beneath the center of the eye.
  • Historically, these hawks often used bison bones and wool as primary nesting materials in the open prairie.
  • They occur in two distinct color phases: a common light morph and a rarer, soot-colored dark morph.
  • Unlike many other hawks, they frequently nest on the ground or on low cliffs in addition to lone trees.
Habitat
Arid, open country including grasslands, sagebrush steppes, and desert scrub.
Range
Western North America, from south-central Canada through the Great Plains and Great Basin to northern Mexico.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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