Surfbird illustration
Birdsong field guide

Surfbird

Calidris virgata

A robust, medium-sized sandpiper uniquely specialized for life on rocky ocean shorelines and high-altitude alpine breeding grounds.

What it sounds like

A sharp, whistled 'skree-uh' or 'wick-it', and a low, liquid 'p-twee' during flight.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Patrik Åberg · United StatesCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • Nests in high-elevation rocky tundra above the treeline in Alaska and the Yukon, far from the coast.
  • The first Surfbird nest was not discovered by ornithologists until 1926 due to its remote, mountainous breeding sites.
  • Equipped with a short, stout bill and a yellowish base, it is physically adapted to pry barnacles and limpets from wave-swept rocks.
  • Formerly categorized in its own genus, Aphriza, recent DNA analysis moved the species into the Calidris genus.
  • During migration, it follows one of the longest routes of any North American bird, traveling from Alaska to the southern tip of South America.
Habitat
Rocky intertidal zones and coastal reefs during winter; alpine tundra and mountain ridges during the breeding season.
Range
Breeds in Alaska and northwest Canada; winters along the Pacific coast from southern Alaska to southern Chile.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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