Spoon-billed Sandpiper illustration
Birdsong field guide

Spoon-billed Sandpiper

Calidris pygmaea

The Spoon-billed Sandpiper is a critically endangered small wader instantly recognizable by its unique, spatula-shaped bill. It serves as a flagship species for the conservation of the East Asian-Australasian Flyway.

What it sounds like

A soft, rolling 'preer' or a sharp 'wheet' in flight; breeding males produce a buzzing, ascending trill.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Jens Kirkeby · Russian FederationCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • The specialized spoon-shaped bill is used to lateral-sweep through shallow water to filter out tiny invertebrates.
  • It undergoes an arduous 8,000 km migration from Arctic breeding grounds to tropical Southeast Asian wintering sites.
  • The wild population is critically low, with estimates suggesting fewer than 250 breeding pairs remain.
  • Chicks are precocial and are born with the characteristic spatulate bill shape already clearly visible.
  • The species is highly dependent on specific intertidal stopover sites like the Yellow Sea for refueling during migration.
Habitat
Coastal tundra with crowberry and lichen for breeding; intertidal mudflats, lagoons, and salt pans for wintering.
Range
Breeds in Far Eastern Russia; winters in Southeast Asia, including Myanmar, Bangladesh, Thailand, and China.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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