Hill Swallow illustration
Birdsong field guide

Hill Swallow

Hirundo domicola

A small, non-migratory swallow endemic to the high-altitude regions of southern India and Sri Lanka, distinguished by its rufous throat and square tail.

What it sounds like

A soft, rapid twittering song and short, metallic 'swee' or 'chit-chit' contact calls.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Sathyan Meppayur · IndiaCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It was formerly classified as a subspecies of the Pacific Swallow (Hirundo tahitica) before being recognized as a distinct species.
  • Unlike the Barn Swallow, the Hill Swallow lacks long outer tail streamers, possessing a shorter, more square-ended tail profile.
  • The species is largely sedentary, remaining in its high-altitude range year-round rather than performing long-distance migrations.
  • It constructs an open-cup nest made of mud pellets, frequently placing it under the eaves of buildings or on rocky cliff ledges.
  • It is typically restricted to elevations above 700 meters, often found foraging for insects over montane grasslands and tea estates.
Habitat
Montane grasslands, tea plantations, hill stations, and open areas near water or cliffs.
Range
Western Ghats of southern India and the central highlands of Sri Lanka.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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