Forster's Tern illustration
Birdsong field guide

Forster's Tern

Sterna forsteri

A medium-sized, elegant tern known for its deeply forked tail and agile flight over North American wetlands. It is unique among its relatives for its strong preference for inland marshes during the breeding season.

What it sounds like

A harsh, grating, descending 'kyarr' and a sharp, buzzy 'z-z-z-ap' note.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Paul Driver · United StatesCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It is named after the German naturalist Johann Reinhold Forster, who accompanied Captain James Cook on his second voyage.
  • Unlike the similar Common Tern, it is primarily a bird of marshes rather than open beaches during the nesting season.
  • In non-breeding plumage, it loses its black cap, retaining only a characteristic dark patch through each eye.
  • They frequently nest on floating mats of vegetation or on top of muskrat lodges to protect eggs from flooding.
  • They are skilled hunters that perform vertical plunges for fish or capture dragonflies mid-air.
Habitat
Freshwater and salt marshes, estuaries, and coastal lagoons.
Range
Breeds across the northern U.S. and southern Canada; winters along the coasts of North America southward to Central America.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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