Arctic Tern illustration
Birdsong field guide

Arctic Tern

Sterna paradisaea

A slender, medium-sized seabird renowned for undertaking the longest annual migration of any animal, traveling between the Arctic and Antarctic.

What it sounds like

A high-pitched, rasping 'kee-ahr' and sharp, rattling 'kik-kik-kik' notes.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. bert de bruin · NorwayCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It experiences two summers every year by migrating between the northern breeding grounds and the Southern Ocean.
  • The total distance traveled in an individual's lifetime can exceed 2.4 million kilometers, equivalent to three round trips to the moon.
  • Arctic Terns are highly defensive of their nests and will aggressively dive-bomb the heads of intruders, including humans.
  • They are exceptionally long-lived for small birds, with some individuals reaching over 30 years of age.
  • They can forage on the wing and are capable of sleeping while gliding during their transoceanic journeys.
Habitat
Coastal tundra and rocky islands for nesting; pelagic waters during migration and wintering.
Range
Circumpolar Arctic breeding range; migrates through the Atlantic and Pacific to the Southern Ocean near Antarctica.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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