Epaulet Oriole illustration
Birdsong field guide

Epaulet Oriole

Icterus cayanensis

A sleek, jet-black icterid distinguished by its vibrant yellow shoulder patches and slender profile. It is a socially active bird primarily found in the tropical lowlands and forest edges of South America.

What it sounds like

A series of clear, fluty, and melodic whistles, often interspersed with drier 'chuck' or 'tluk' notes.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Frank Lambert · ColombiaCC BY-NC-NDXeno-canto

Field notes

  • The species is sexually monomorphic, with both males and females displaying the characteristic black plumage and yellow epaulets.
  • It was formerly considered conspecific with the Moriche Oriole (Icterus chrysocephalus) before taxonomic revisions separated them.
  • They frequently construct their long, pendulous nests near active wasp colonies to benefit from the insects' aggressive territorial protection.
  • Their diet is highly varied, consisting of arthropods, seasonal fruits, and nectar harvested from canopy-dwelling epiphytes.
  • Epaulet Orioles are known to join mixed-species foraging flocks, often traveling with tanagers and other canopy-dwelling insectivores.
Habitat
Humid lowland forests, gallery forests, palm groves, and forest borders.
Range
Widespread across the Amazon Basin, the Guianas, and central South America.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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