Western Kingbird illustration
Birdsong field guide

Western Kingbird

Tyrannus verticalis

A large, aggressive flycatcher of open country, distinguished by its pale gray head, lemon-yellow underparts, and black tail with distinctive white outer margins.

What it sounds like

A rapid series of sharp, metallic 'whit' notes followed by rising, squeaky, complex trills.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Richard E. Webster · United StatesCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • Highly territorial, they frequently harass and drive away much larger raptors and corvids from their nesting sites.
  • The species' scientific name, Tyrannus verticalis, refers to a concealed orange-red crown patch only visible during aggressive or courtship displays.
  • They have expanded their range eastward significantly since the early 20th century, utilizing human-altered landscapes and utility corridors.
  • A specialized insectivore, it primarily captures prey like bees, wasps, and grasshoppers through aerial sallying or 'hawking.'
  • Their nests are often built in highly exposed locations, including power poles, windmills, and the cross-arms of utility structures.
Habitat
Open grasslands, agricultural fields, and shrublands with scattered tall trees or man-made structures for nesting.
Range
Breeds throughout western North America and the Great Plains; migrates to wintering grounds in southern Mexico and Central America.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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