Royal Tern illustration
Birdsong field guide

Royal Tern

Thalasseus maximus

A large, slender seabird distinguished by its massive orange bill and shaggy black crest, frequently seen patrolling coastlines with graceful, powerful flight.

What it sounds like

A loud, piercing, and raspy 'keer-reet' or a shrill 'kree-er'.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Tristan Guillebot de Nerville · French GuianaCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It is the second-largest tern species in the world, trailing only the Caspian Tern in size.
  • During the non-breeding season, the black cap recedes, leaving a distinctive white forehead and a 'balding' appearance.
  • Parental birds can pinpoint their own chicks within a dense 'crèche' of hundreds of youngsters using unique vocal signatures.
  • Unlike many other tern species, the Royal Tern is almost strictly coastal and is rarely found on inland bodies of water.
  • They often dive for prey from heights of up to 30 feet, plunging into the water to catch small fish and crustaceans.
Habitat
Sandy beaches, barrier islands, salt marshes, and coastal estuaries.
Range
Atlantic and Pacific coasts of the Americas, from the southern United States to Argentina, and the coast of West Africa.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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