Lesser Crested Tern illustration
Birdsong field guide

Lesser Crested Tern

Thalasseus bengalensis

The Lesser Crested Tern is a medium-sized seabird distinguished by its vivid orange bill and shaggy black crest. It is a highly social species often seen plunge-diving for fish along tropical and subtropical coastlines.

What it sounds like

A loud, harsh, and grating 'kerr-rak' or 'kirrik,' typically deeper than the call of a Sandwich Tern.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Lim Ying Hien · MalaysiaCC BY-NC-NDXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It is distinguished from the similar Greater Crested Tern by its slightly smaller size and its more orange-toned, rather than yellow-toned, bill.
  • The species utilizes a 'crèche' system where older chicks gather in large communal groups while the parents are away foraging.
  • Unlike many other tern species, its rump and tail are pale grey and match the color of the mantle rather than being a contrasting white.
  • It breeds in extremely dense colonies on offshore islands, sometimes reaching densities of several thousand pairs in a small area.
  • The Mediterranean population is a distinct subspecies (T. b. emigratus) that primarily winters along the West African coast.
Habitat
Coastal waters, sandy offshore islands, coral reefs, and sheltered estuaries.
Range
Tropical and subtropical coasts of the Mediterranean, Red Sea, Indian Ocean, and Western Pacific through to Australia.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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