Peruvian Pelican illustration
Birdsong field guide

Peruvian Pelican

Pelecanus thagus

A massive, dark-plumaged marine bird of the Humboldt Current, the Peruvian Pelican is significantly larger than its relative, the Brown Pelican.

What it sounds like

Generally silent as adults, but produces low, guttural croaks or grunts when at nesting sites.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Dries Van de Loock · PeruCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It is the second-largest pelican species in the world, boasting a wingspan that can reach up to 2.4 meters.
  • During breeding, adults develop a bright yellow crown and a colorful gular pouch with blue and pinkish tints.
  • Unlike many other pelican species, it is a specialized plunge-diver that hits the water from significant heights to catch prey.
  • Its population is highly susceptible to El Niño cycles, which cause drastic declines in its primary food source, the Peruvian anchoveta.
  • They are key guano-producing birds, nesting in massive, dense colonies on rocky offshore islands.
Habitat
Rocky coastal cliffs, offshore islands, and cold, nutrient-rich marine waters.
Range
Western coast of South America, primarily from northern Peru to central Chile.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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