Great Cormorant illustration
Birdsong field guide

Great Cormorant

Phalacrocorax carbo

The Great Cormorant is a large, versatile waterbird known for its dark plumage, hooked bill, and characteristic upright wing-drying posture.

What it sounds like

Generally silent away from the nest; produces deep, guttural croaks and harsh grunts at breeding colonies.

Reference call, compare with what you heard

Field notes

  • Their feathers are not fully waterproof, which reduces buoyancy and allows for more efficient, deep-water pursuit of prey.
  • They are capable of diving to depths of up to 30 meters and can remain submerged for over a minute.
  • Traditional fishers in East Asia have historically trained this species to catch fish using a neck-ring to prevent them from swallowing the catch.
  • During the breeding season, adults develop prominent white thigh patches and silvery filoplumes on the head and neck.
  • They are one of the most widely distributed cormorant species, found on every continent except South America and Antarctica.
Habitat
Coastal waters, estuaries, large inland lakes, and slow-moving rivers.
Range
Widespread across Europe, Asia, Africa, Australasia, and the northeastern coast of North America.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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