Cape Shoveler illustration
Birdsong field guide

Cape Shoveler

Spatula smithii

The Cape Shoveler is a medium-sized dabbling duck endemic to Southern Africa, most notable for its disproportionately large, spatulate bill. Unlike its northern relatives, it is non-migratory and exhibits limited sexual dimorphism in its mottled brown plumage.

What it sounds like

Generally silent, but males occasionally emit a raspy, rattling 'puk-puk' during courtship, while females give a weak, high-pitched quack.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Nick Talbot · South AfricaCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • Equipped with specialized lamellae along the bill margins to filter-feed on microscopic plankton and small invertebrates.
  • Unlike the Northern Shoveler, the male Cape Shoveler lacks a bright green head, retaining a streaked, duller appearance year-round.
  • It is primarily a sedentary or nomadic species, moving locally in response to water levels rather than performing long-distance migrations.
  • Pairs are often monogamous, and the species is known to be more territorial than many other dabbling ducks during the breeding season.
  • The eyes of the adult male are a striking pale yellow, whereas the female's eyes are dark brown.
Habitat
Shallow freshwater and brackish wetlands, including marshes, lagoons, and sewage ponds.
Range
Southern Africa, primarily South Africa, with populations extending into Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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