Blue-billed Teal illustration
Birdsong field guide

Blue-billed Teal

Spatula hottentota

The Blue-billed Teal, also known as the Hottentot Teal, is a small, secretive dabbling duck distinctive for its contrasting dark cap and namesake blue bill.

What it sounds like

Usually silent, but males produce a soft, clicking 'ke-ke-ke' during displays, and females give a faint, thin quack.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Peter Boesman · TanzaniaCC BY-NC-NDXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It is the smallest duck species on the African continent, weighing as little as 220 grams.
  • The species is highly nomadic rather than migratory, moving long distances to exploit ephemeral wetlands created by seasonal rains.
  • Unlike many ducks, it remains relatively sedentary and quiet during the day, often hiding in dense shoreline vegetation.
  • Its diet is omnivorous, consisting of grass seeds, aquatic plants, and a variety of small invertebrates like insect larvae and crustaceans.
  • The distinctive blue bill is present in both sexes, though the plumage is largely similar with only subtle sexual dimorphism.
Habitat
Freshwater marshes, shallow lakes, flooded grasslands, and seasonal pools with abundant floating vegetation.
Range
Eastern and Southern Africa, ranging from Ethiopia to South Africa, with a distinct population in Madagascar.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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