Buff-breasted Flycatcher illustration
Birdsong field guide

Buff-breasted Flycatcher

Empidonax fulvifrons

The smallest North American Empidonax flycatcher, distinguished by its unique warm cinnamon-buff wash across the breast and underparts.

What it sounds like

A sharp, dry 'pit' or 'pwit' call; the song is a rapid, sneezing 'chi-lick' or 'che-be-el'.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Richard E. Webster · United StatesCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It is the smallest member of the Empidonax genus found in the United States, measuring only about 4.5 to 5 inches.
  • Unlike many of its relatives, it favors open pine-oak woodlands and is often associated with areas recently cleared by low-intensity fires.
  • The species is a 'Sky Island' specialist in the U.S., restricted to high-elevation mountain ranges in Arizona and New Mexico.
  • It typically builds a cup-shaped nest made of moss, lichen, and grass, often tucked into a cliff ledge or tree fork.
  • While other flycatchers are frequently identified by subtle wing bars, this species is most easily identified by its lack of olive tones in favor of rich buff coloration.
Habitat
Open montane pine-oak forests, grassy canyons, and park-like clearings.
Range
Southwestern United States through the highlands of Mexico to Honduras.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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