Yellow-billed Loon illustration
Birdsong field guide

Yellow-billed Loon

Gavia adamsii

The Yellow-billed Loon is the largest and rarest member of the loon family, distinguished by its massive, straw-colored bill held at a characteristic upward tilt.

What it sounds like

A series of deep, resonant, and mournful yodels and tremolos, generally lower in pitch and more sonorous than the Common Loon.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Seth Beaudreault (Toolik Field Station) · United StatesCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It is the largest of all five loon species, with a wingspan reaching up to 59 inches.
  • The distinctive ivory-yellow bill features a straight culmen and an angled lower mandible, creating an 'upturned' appearance.
  • As high-Arctic specialists, they nest exclusively on the tundra near large, deep freshwater lakes with abundant fish.
  • During winter, they lose their striking checkered plumage and move to coastal marine environments, often staying further offshore than other loons.
  • It is a species of conservation concern with a relatively small global population estimated at fewer than 30,000 individuals.
Habitat
Freshwater tundra lakes for breeding; ice-free coastal marine waters and bays during winter.
Range
Circumpolar Arctic regions of Alaska, Canada, and Russia; wintering along the North Pacific and Norwegian coasts.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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