Arctic Loon illustration
Birdsong field guide

Arctic Loon

Gavia arctica

The Arctic Loon, also known as the Black-throated Diver, is a sleek aquatic bird characterized by its silver-grey crown and striking black throat patch during the breeding season.

What it sounds like

A haunting, rhythmic series of melodic wails, yodels, and guttural croaks, often featuring a rising 'looo-ee-koo' tone.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Dag Österlund · SwedenCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It is nearly unable to walk on land because its legs are positioned far back on its body for maximum swimming efficiency.
  • The species requires a long 'runway' of open water to take flight due to its high wing loading and heavy skeletal structure.
  • Unlike most birds, its bones are relatively solid, which acts as ballast to assist in deep-water diving.
  • It is often distinguished from the similar Pacific Loon by a prominent white patch on its rear flanks while swimming.
  • Parents frequently carry chicks on their backs to protect them from underwater predators and to help regulate their body temperature.
Habitat
Deep, clear freshwater lakes for breeding; coastal marine waters and sheltered bays during the winter.
Range
Northern Eurasia (Palearctic), wintering along the coasts of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and the Mediterranean.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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