Red-throated Loon illustration
Birdsong field guide

Red-throated Loon

Gavia stellata

The smallest and most widely distributed member of the loon family, characterized by its slender, slightly upturned bill and elegant profile.

What it sounds like

A rhythmic, goose-like 'kwuck' in flight and a long, mournful, rising wail or shriek while on the water.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Marc Anderson · SwedenCC BY-NC-NDXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It is the only loon capable of taking flight directly from land or small bodies of water without a long running start on the surface.
  • Unlike other loons, it frequently flies to marine environments to forage for fish even while nesting on freshwater tundra pools.
  • The eponymous red throat patch is a seasonal plumage trait used for courtship and is lost during the winter molt.
  • They are the most vocal loon species, known for performing complex aerial duets and displays during the breeding season.
  • Their legs are positioned so far back on their bodies that they are nearly incapable of walking, moving on land by sliding on their bellies.
Habitat
Breeds on small, fishless tundra ponds; winters in shallow, protected coastal marine waters and estuaries.
Range
Holarctic distribution, breeding across the Arctic and wintering along the northern coasts of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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