Common Loon illustration
Birdsong field guide

Common Loon

Gavia immer

A large, powerful waterbird of northern wilderness lakes, iconic for its striking black-and-white breeding plumage and haunting vocalizations.

What it sounds like

A haunting repertoire including mournful wails, laughing tremolos, low moans, and complex, territorial yodels.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Denis Provencher · CanadaCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • Unlike most birds, Common Loons have solid, heavy bones that act as ballast for deep-sea diving reaching depths of 200 feet.
  • Their legs are positioned so far back on their bodies that they cannot walk on land, only pushing themselves along on their bellies.
  • To take flight, these heavy birds require a 'runway' of up to several hundred yards of open water to gain enough speed.
  • During the breeding season, their eyes turn a vivid, piercing red, which may assist with underwater vision.
  • Common Loon parents frequently carry their young chicks on their backs to protect them from predators and keep them warm.
Habitat
Large, clear freshwater lakes during the breeding season; coastal marine waters and estuaries during winter.
Range
Breeds across Canada, Alaska, and the northern United States; winters along both North American coasts and parts of Europe.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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