Small-billed Elaenia illustration
Birdsong field guide

Small-billed Elaenia

Elaenia parvirostris

The Small-billed Elaenia is a small, inconspicuous tyrant flycatcher characterized by its olive-gray plumage and notable austral migratory behavior. It is frequently distinguished from its congeners by its relatively diminutive bill and lack of a prominent white crown patch.

What it sounds like

A dry, burry, and slightly rising 'bwee-rree' or a hoarse, whistled 'whee-ur'.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. JAYRSON ARAUJO DE OLIVEIRA · BrazilCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It is a long-distance austral migrant, breeding in temperate southern South America and wintering as far north as the Amazon basin and Caribbean coast.
  • The species typically displays three whitish wing bars, whereas many similar flycatchers only possess two.
  • It is a classic 'cryptic species,' often requiring vocalization or precise measurements to distinguish it from the nearly identical White-crested Elaenia.
  • During the breeding season, it is highly territorial and uses its bushy crest to signal aggression or excitement to rivals.
  • Its diet is seasonally flexible, shifting from a primarily insectivorous focus during the breeding season to heavy frugivory during migration.
Habitat
Open woodlands, gallery forests, scrubby second growth, and forest edges.
Range
Breeds in Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, and southern Brazil; migrates to northern South America, including the Amazon, Venezuela, and Colombia.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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