Peregrine Falcon illustration
Birdsong field guide

Peregrine Falcon

Falco peregrinus

A powerful, cosmopolitan raptor renowned as the world's fastest animal, distinguished by its slate-gray plumage and dark malar stripe.

What it sounds like

A loud, harsh, and rapid 'kak-kak-kak-kak' usually given near the nest site.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Leander Khil · AustriaCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • Reaches speeds exceeding 200 mph (320 km/h) during its signature high-speed hunting dive, known as a stoop.
  • Possesses specialized bony tubercles in its nostrils that redirect high-pressure airflow, allowing the bird to breathe while diving.
  • Features a nictitating membrane (third eyelid) that acts as a specialized 'windshield' to protect and moisten eyes during high-velocity flight.
  • Successfully recovered from near-extinction in North America following the 1972 ban on DDT, which had caused catastrophic eggshell thinning.
  • Demonstrates remarkable urban adaptability, frequently utilizing skyscrapers and bridges as surrogate cliffs for nesting and hunting pigeons.
Habitat
Open landscapes, mountain cliffs, coastal crags, and increasingly, urban city centers.
Range
Global; found on every continent except Antarctica.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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