Montezuma Oropendola illustration
Birdsong field guide

Montezuma Oropendola

Psarocolius montezuma

A large, social icterid iconic for its massive pendulous nests and striking chestnut plumage. It is a dominant and vocal presence in the lowland tropical canopies of Central America.

What it sounds like

A complex, liquid series of gurgles, pops, and bubbling sounds that ends in a loud, metallic screech.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
0:00 / --:--
Rec. AUDEVARD Aurélien · Costa RicaCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • Females weave intricate, teardrop-shaped nests from fibers and vines that can hang up to two meters long from tree branches.
  • Males perform a dramatic courtship display by lunging forward and pivoting until they are hanging nearly upside down.
  • The species exhibits extreme sexual size dimorphism, with males being significantly larger and heavier than females.
  • Colonies are frequently established in trees containing wasp nests, which may help deter predatory botflies.
  • They are omnivorous, consuming a wide variety of fruit, nectar, and small vertebrates like frogs and lizards.
Habitat
Lowland rainforest canopies, forest edges, and old plantations with tall, isolated trees.
Range
Caribbean lowlands of Central America, ranging from southeastern Mexico to central Panama.

Similar & commonly confused birds

Heard a Montezuma Oropendola?

Open Birdsong, tap record, and identify the bird singing near you in seconds — then collect it in your field journal.

Identify a bird by its song