Lesser Scaup illustration
Birdsong field guide

Lesser Scaup

Aythya affinis

A compact North American diving duck characterized by a distinctively peaked crown and a preference for freshwater environments. It is closely related to the Greater Scaup but distinguished by its smaller size and the subtle purple iridescence on the male's head.

What it sounds like

Generally silent; females produce a low, harsh 'kurr-kurr' growl, while males emit soft, melodic whistles and wheezes during courtship.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Richard E. Webster · United StatesCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • The species is best identified by a high, pointed 'peak' at the back of the head, unlike the rounded profile of the Greater Scaup.
  • It is a highly gregarious species, often forming massive wintering flocks known as 'rafts' that can contain thousands of individuals.
  • They are late-season migrants, typically departing their northern breeding grounds just before the water surfaces freeze over.
  • Their diet primarily consists of aquatic invertebrates, such as mollusks and insect larvae, which they obtain by diving in relatively shallow water.
  • Ornithologists have noted a significant and concerning population decline since the 1980s, potentially linked to habitat changes and contaminants in migration corridors.
Habitat
Breeds in prairie potholes and boreal marshes; winters on large inland lakes, brackish estuaries, and coastal bays.
Range
Breeds from Alaska through western Canada to the northern United States; winters throughout the southern U.S., Mexico, and Central America.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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