Hairy Woodpecker illustration
Birdsong field guide

Hairy Woodpecker

Leuconotopicus villosus

A medium-sized, powerful woodpecker featuring a bold black-and-white pattern and a notably long, chisel-like bill. It is a common sight in mature forests across North America, often distinguished from the Downy Woodpecker by its larger size and longer beak.

What it sounds like

A sharp, high-pitched 'peek' note and a rapid, level-pitched rattle that does not descend at the end.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Ed Pandolfino · United StatesCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • The bill of a Hairy Woodpecker is nearly as long as its head, whereas the look-alike Downy Woodpecker has a bill much shorter than its head.
  • Its name is derived from the long, white, filamentous feathers located in the center of its back, which appear 'hairy' upon close inspection.
  • Hairy Woodpeckers have been observed following Pileated Woodpeckers to scavenge insects from the deep excavations left behind by the larger species.
  • Their diet consists of up to 75% insects, specifically wood-boring beetle larvae, which they extract using long, barbed tongues and sticky saliva.
  • During the breeding season, they excavate nest cavities in dead trees, which later serve as critical nesting sites for secondary cavity-nesters like bluebirds and chickadees.
Habitat
Mature deciduous and coniferous forests, woodlots, river groves, and well-treed suburban areas.
Range
Widespread across North America, ranging from the tree line in Alaska and Canada southward to the mountains of Central America.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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