Eastern Towhee illustration
Birdsong field guide

Eastern Towhee

Pipilo erythrophthalmus

A large, striking sparrow of the undergrowth, recognized by its rufous flanks and the male's bold black hood and back.

What it sounds like

A classic 'drink-your-tea' song ending in a trill, alongside a sharp, rising 'tow-hee' or 'chewink' call.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Rory Nefdt · United StatesCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • Employs a 'double-scratch' foraging technique, hopping forward and kicking back with both feet to clear leaf litter.
  • While most populations have distinctive red eyes, birds in the southeastern United States often possess white or straw-colored irises.
  • The species was once considered conspecific with the Spotted Towhee, both formerly known as the 'Rufous-sided Towhee'.
  • Despite their bold plumage, they are highly secretive and spend most of their time hidden within dense, tangled thickets.
  • Eastern Towhee nests are frequently targeted by Brown-headed Cowbirds for brood parasitism.
Habitat
Brushy fields, thickets, woodland edges, and overgrown clearings.
Range
Eastern North America, from Southern Canada to the Gulf Coast and west to the Great Plains.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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