Collared Towhee illustration
Birdsong field guide

Collared Towhee

Pipilo ocai

A large, striking ground-sparrow endemic to the high-altitude forests of Mexico, distinguished by its rufous crown and bold black breast collar.

What it sounds like

Thin, high-pitched 'tsee' notes followed by a buzzy, accelerating trill; calls include a sharp, metallic 'chink'.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Richard E. Webster · MexicoCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It is the largest member of the Pipilo genus and possesses a signature white throat patch.
  • The species is famous for extensive hybridization with the Spotted Towhee, creating a 'hybrid swarm' across central Mexico.
  • It primarily forages on the ground using a specialized 'double-scratch' hop to uncover seeds and invertebrates.
  • Despite its bright colors, it is often elusive, staying within dense undergrowth and thickets.
  • The species is sedentary and does not migrate, remaining in high-elevation montane habitats year-round.
Habitat
High-elevation pine-oak forests, humid evergreen forests, and dense montane shrubbery.
Range
Highlands of central and southern Mexico, specifically the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt and Sierra Madre del Sur.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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