Tricolored Blackbird illustration
Birdsong field guide

Tricolored Blackbird

Agelaius tricolor

A highly social icterid endemic to the West Coast, renowned for forming the largest breeding colonies of any North American landbird.

What it sounds like

A harsh, nasal, and mechanical rasp, described as a congested 'kush-y-wher' that lacks the musicality of other blackbirds.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Ed Pandolfino · United StatesCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • Breeds in massive, synchronized colonies that can exceed 50,000 individuals in just a few acres.
  • Distinguished from the similar Red-winged Blackbird by its darker red epaulets and stark white, rather than yellow, wing bars.
  • Approximately 95% of the global population is concentrated within California's Central Valley.
  • Exhibits itinerant breeding, where individuals may move hundreds of miles between first and second nesting attempts in a single season.
  • Currently listed as a threatened species in California due to the loss of over 90% of its traditional wetland nesting habitat.
Habitat
Freshwater marshes with dense cattails or bulrushes, and increasingly, agricultural silage fields and grain crops.
Range
Primarily California, with small isolated populations in Oregon, Washington, western Nevada, and Baja California.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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