Scaled Quail illustration
Birdsong field guide

Scaled Quail

Callipepla squamata

A distinctive bluish-gray desert quail recognized by its white-tipped crest and dark-edged plumage that creates a rhythmic, scaly appearance.

What it sounds like

A loud, nasal, two-note location call often described as 'pe-cos' or 'pay-cos'.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Richard E. Webster · United StatesCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • Commonly nicknamed 'Cotton-top' due to the conspicuous tuft of white feathers at the peak of its crest.
  • Primarily a terrestrial cursor, it prefers to outrun predators at high speeds rather than taking flight.
  • The namesake 'scales' are actually sharp black borders on the feathers of the breast, neck, and back.
  • Populations exhibit dramatic 'boom and bust' cycles, with breeding success tied heavily to seasonal rainfall and succulent growth.
  • During winter, individuals aggregate into large social units called coveys that can exceed 100 birds.
Habitat
Arid grasslands, Chihuahuan desert scrub, and open plains with scattered mesquite, cactus, or yucca.
Range
Southwestern United States, including Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and Colorado, south into central Mexico.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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