Relict Gull illustration
Birdsong field guide

Relict Gull

Ichthyaetus relictus

A rare and localized medium-sized gull characterized by its striking black hood and specialized dependence on ephemeral salt lake ecosystems.

What it sounds like

A nasal, diagnostic 'ky-ow' and various low-pitched barking or laughing notes similar to other large hooded gulls.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Terry Townshend · ChinaCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It was only recognized as a distinct species in 1971, having previously been mistaken for a subspecies of the Mediterranean Gull or a hybrid.
  • Breeding is highly opportunistic, with colonies forming only when fluctuating water levels create suitable islands in saline lakes.
  • In breeding plumage, it displays a complete black hood that extends down the nape, accented by prominent white crescents around the eyes.
  • The species is extremely sensitive to human disturbance; even minor intrusions can cause entire colonies to abandon their nests.
  • Their diet is surprisingly insectivorous during the breeding season, frequently preying on midges and other aquatic invertebrates.
Habitat
Remote saline and alkaline lakes in arid steppe regions during summer; coastal mudflats and estuaries during winter.
Range
Breeds in fragmented populations across Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Russia, and China; winters along the East Asian coast.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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