Purple-throated Mountain-gem illustration
Birdsong field guide

Purple-throated Mountain-gem

Lampornis calolaemus

A medium-sized hummingbird of Central American highlands, notable for the male's striking iridescent violet throat and prominent white post-ocular stripe.

What it sounds like

Sharp, high-pitched 'tsit' or 'seet' notes; the song is a low, dry, mechanical-sounding rattle.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Paul Driver · Costa RicaCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • Displays extreme sexual dimorphism; females lack the purple throat and instead feature rich cinnamon-buff underparts.
  • A primary pollinator for montane plant families such as Ericaceae, Gesneriaceae, and Rubiaceae.
  • Males are highly territorial and aggressively defend high-quality nectar sources from both rivals and other hummingbird species.
  • Often engages in 'trap-lining' behavior, following a predictable daily circuit to visit specific flowering plants.
  • Constructs a cup-shaped nest primarily out of moss and spiderwebs, typically situated on a low branch or vine.
Habitat
Humid montane forests, cloud forests, and secondary growth edges.
Range
Mountains of southern Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and western Panama.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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