Lava Gull illustration
Birdsong field guide

Lava Gull

Leucophaeus fuliginosus

The Lava Gull is the world's rarest gull, a medium-sized bird distinguished by its unique charcoal-grey plumage and striking white eyelids. This vulnerable species is an iconic example of island endemism, having evolved specialized camouflage for volcanic environments.

What it sounds like

A loud, high-pitched series of notes resembling a raucous, rattling 'laugh' or 'chuckle'.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Leander Khil · EcuadorCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It is considered the rarest gull in the world, with a total population estimated at only 300 to 600 individuals.
  • Unlike most gull species that nest in dense colonies, the Lava Gull is a solitary nester to avoid attracting predators.
  • Their dark sooty-grey coloration provides near-perfect camouflage against the black basaltic lava flows of their home islands.
  • They are opportunistic scavengers and predators, known to steal eggs from other seabirds and hunt small iguanas.
  • Juveniles possess a browner plumage than adults, which takes several years to transition into the characteristic slate-grey adult feathers.
Habitat
Sandy beaches, rocky shorelines, and coastal lagoons near volcanic outcrops.
Range
Endemic to the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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