Great-tailed Grackle illustration
Birdsong field guide

Great-tailed Grackle

Quiscalus mexicanus

A large, highly social icterid known for its dramatic sexual dimorphism and remarkable adaptability to human-altered landscapes.

What it sounds like

A boisterous and complex repertoire of piercing metallic whistles, mechanical clicks, and loud, rusty-gate rattles.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Albert Lastukhin · Costa RicaCC BY-NC-NDXeno-canto

Field notes

  • Males possess a distinctive, V-shaped 'keeled' tail that can be nearly half their total body length.
  • The species has executed one of the fastest range expansions of any North American bird, moving from the Rio Grande Valley to southern Canada in under a century.
  • They exhibit high cognitive flexibility, performing as well as crows in laboratory tasks involving causal reasoning and tool use.
  • In urban settings, they frequently form massive communal winter roosts consisting of several thousand individuals in well-lit parking lots.
  • During courtship, males perform a 'head-up' display, pointing their bills vertically to signal social dominance and territorial boundaries.
Habitat
Urban parks, agricultural fields, coastal marshes, and open areas with scattered trees.
Range
Central and Western United States through Mexico and Central America to northwestern South America.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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