Floreana Mockingbird illustration
Birdsong field guide

Floreana Mockingbird

Mimus trifasciatus

The Floreana Mockingbird is a critically endangered, large passerine notable for its historical role in shaping Charles Darwin's theories of evolution. It is distinguished by its curved bill and dark patches on the sides of its breast.

What it sounds like

A loud, melodious series of varied whistles and musical phrases, interspersed with harsh, guttural 'chuck' alarm notes.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Scott Olmstead · EcuadorCC BY-NC-NDXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It was the first mockingbird species Charles Darwin noticed differed between islands, serving as a primary catalyst for his thoughts on natural selection.
  • The species is extinct on its namesake island of Floreana and survives only on two tiny satellite islets: Champion and Gardner-by-Floreana.
  • They exhibit a complex cooperative breeding system where family groups help a dominant pair defend territory and raise fledglings.
  • The total global population is highly volatile, often fluctuating between 50 and a few hundred individuals depending on rainfall and food availability.
  • Highly opportunistic feeders, they have been observed drinking the blood of sea lions and eating the eggs of nesting seabirds.
Habitat
Arid lowland scrubland dominated by Opuntia cacti and scattered deciduous trees.
Range
Restricted to the islets of Champion and Gardner-by-Floreana in the Galápagos Archipelago, Ecuador.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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