Brown Thrasher illustration
Birdsong field guide

Brown Thrasher

Toxostoma rufum

The Brown Thrasher is a large, rufous songbird known for its striking yellow eyes and its role as a master mimic in the family Mimidae. It is a secretive bird of the undergrowth, recognized for its aggressive territorial defense and complex vocalizations.

What it sounds like

A long series of varied musical phrases and mimicry, typically delivered in couplets; alarm call is a sharp, smacking 'tcheh' or 'smack'.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Molly Jacobson · United StatesCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It possesses one of the largest song repertoires of any North American bird, with over 1,100 documented song types.
  • Unlike the Northern Mockingbird, which repeats phrases three or more times, the Brown Thrasher typically repeats musical phrases in pairs.
  • The bird earns its name from its habit of 'thrashing' through leaf litter using its long, slightly curved bill to uncover insects.
  • It is the official state bird of Georgia, though it was once briefly replaced by the Bobwhite Quail before being reinstated.
  • They are notoriously fierce nest defenders and have been known to strike humans and dogs hard enough to draw blood.
Habitat
Dense thickets, brushy field edges, hedgerows, and forest clearings.
Range
Eastern and central United States and southern Canada; northern populations migrate to the southern U.S. for winter.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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