Black Rail illustration
Birdsong field guide

Black Rail

Laterallus jamaicensis

The smallest rail in North America, the Black Rail is a secretive, mouse-sized marsh bird characterized by its dark charcoal plumage and striking red eyes.

What it sounds like

A distinctive, rhythmic 'ki-ki-kerr' or 'kickee-doo' frequently heard at night.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Paul Lenrumé · French GuianaCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It is highly elusive and rarely takes flight, instead navigating dense vegetation with a rodent-like gait.
  • The species has a specialized 'high marsh' requirement, typically inhabiting areas with water depths of less than 3 centimeters.
  • Its plumage features a distinctive chestnut-colored nape and fine white speckling across the back and wings.
  • Primarily nocturnal or crepuscular, this species is most active and vocal under the cover of darkness.
  • It is listed as federally threatened in the United States, facing severe risks from sea-level rise and habitat fragmentation.
Habitat
High-elevation zones of salt, brackish, and freshwater marshes with dense emergent vegetation.
Range
Fragmented populations along the U.S. Atlantic and Gulf Coasts, inland California, and parts of Central and South America.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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