American Redstart illustration
Birdsong field guide

American Redstart

Setophaga ruticilla

A high-energy wood-warbler known for its striking plumage and constant, butterfly-like motion while foraging. Males are jet black with vivid orange patches, while females and immatures are gray-olive with yellow accents.

What it sounds like

A series of 2 to 11 thin, high-pitched, accelerating notes often ending with a sharp upward or downward slur, resembling 'tsee-tsee-tsee-tsee-O'.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Scott Olmstead · United StatesCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • Uses a 'flash-and-flush' hunting technique, spreading its tail and wings to startle insects into flight.
  • First-year males exhibit delayed plumage maturation, closely resembling females to avoid aggression from older males.
  • One of the few warbler species that regularly fans its tail while foraging to reveal bright contrast spots.
  • Defends territories vigorously on both its temperate breeding grounds and its tropical wintering grounds.
  • The species name 'ruticilla' translates from Latin to 'red tail', despite the bird's patches being distinctly orange.
Habitat
Deciduous and mixed-deciduous forests, often near water or within thick second-growth scrub.
Range
Breeds across Canada and the northern/eastern United States; winters in the Caribbean, Central America, and northern South America.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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