Yellow-bellied Sapsucker illustration
Birdsong field guide

Yellow-bellied Sapsucker

Sphyrapicus varius

A medium-sized woodpecker distinguished by its red crown and unique feeding behavior of drilling horizontal rows of sap wells. It is the only highly migratory woodpecker species in eastern North America.

What it sounds like

A nasal, descending 'mew' note often compared to the sound of a cat.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Bobby Wilcox · United StatesCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • They create 'sap wells'—shallow, rectangular holes in tree bark—to consume sap and the insects attracted to its sweetness.
  • Ruby-throated Hummingbirds have a commensal relationship with sapsuckers, often timing their migration to coincide with the opening of sap wells.
  • Their territorial drumming is distinctive and irregular, typically starting with a rapid burst followed by slow, rhythmic, stuttered taps.
  • While both sexes have red crowns, males possess a bright red throat while females typically have a plain white throat.
  • They are known to feed on over 250 species of trees and woody plants, though they show a strong preference for birch, maple, and aspen.
Habitat
Mixed deciduous and coniferous forests, orchards, and semi-open woodlands.
Range
Breeds across Canada and the northeastern United States; winters in the southeastern US, Mexico, and Central America.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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