White-lined Tanager illustration
Birdsong field guide

White-lined Tanager

Tachyphonus rufus

A medium-sized Neotropical bird famous for its extreme sexual dimorphism, where the male is glossy black and the female is entirely rufous. It is a conspicuous inhabitant of semi-open areas and garden edges across much of South and Central America.

What it sounds like

A sharp, metallic 'cheep' or 'tsip' call, and a simple, repetitive song consisting of sweet, whistled notes.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
0:00 / --:--
Rec. Franciel da Silva Lima · BrazilCC BY-NC-NDXeno-canto

Field notes

  • The male’s namesake white underwing coverts are usually hidden at rest, flashing brilliantly only during flight or territorial displays.
  • Sexual dichromatism is so extreme in this species that early naturalists occasionally misidentified the male and female as two different species.
  • Unlike many more social tanagers, this species is less likely to join large mixed-species foraging flocks, preferring to stay in pairs or small family groups.
  • Its diet is highly varied, consisting of a mix of fruits, nectar from flowers, and insects gleaned from the underside of leaves.
  • The female alone builds the cup-shaped nest, typically hidden in low, dense vegetation just a few meters above the ground.
Habitat
Forest edges, secondary growth, clearings, and urban gardens.
Range
Central and South America, from Costa Rica to northern Argentina, including Trinidad and Tobago.

Similar & commonly confused birds

Heard a White-lined Tanager?

Open Birdsong, tap record, and identify the bird singing near you in seconds — then collect it in your field journal.

Identify a bird by its song