Tenggara Hill Myna illustration
Birdsong field guide

Tenggara Hill Myna

Gracula venerata

The Tenggara Hill Myna is a large, vocal passerine endemic to the Lesser Sundas, recognized for its glossy black plumage and prominent yellow facial wattles.

What it sounds like

A diverse and loud repertoire of piercing whistles, liquid gurgles, and harsh metallic shrieks.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Field notes

  • Formerly classified as a subspecies of the Common Hill Myna, it was elevated to species status based on distinct morphological and vocal characteristics.
  • The species is currently listed as Endangered by the IUCN due to severe population declines driven by the illegal cage-bird trade.
  • It features exceptionally large, fleshy yellow wattles that are more extensive and continuous across the nape than those of its close relatives.
  • As an effective seed disperser, it plays a critical ecological role in maintaining the health of its native tropical forest ecosystems.
  • It possesses a robust, deep orange-to-red bill which it uses to forage for fruit, nectar, and occasional small invertebrates.
Habitat
Primary and secondary tropical moist lowland and montane forests.
Range
Lesser Sundas, Indonesia, including the islands of Sumbawa, Flores, Sumba, Pantar, and Alor.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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