Southern Red-billed Hornbill illustration
Birdsong field guide

Southern Red-billed Hornbill

Tockus rufirostris

A medium-sized hornbill of the southern African savannas, distinguished by its slender red bill, yellow eyes, and characteristic black-and-white plumage.

What it sounds like

A rhythmic series of accelerating 'kok-kok-kok' notes that peak in a loud, clucking chorus.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Dries Van de Loock · ZambiaCC BY-NC-NDXeno-canto

Field notes

  • The female seals herself inside a tree cavity using mud and droppings, leaving only a narrow slit for the male to pass food.
  • They engage in a mutualistic foraging relationship with dwarf mongooses, catching insects flushed out by the mammals.
  • Unlike the northern species, the Southern Red-billed Hornbill has distinctive yellow irises and pinkish facial skin.
  • Their diet is primarily insectivorous, but they are opportunistic and will consume small reptiles, seeds, and fruits.
  • They exhibit a characteristic undulating flight pattern, which has earned them the colloquial nickname 'flying bananas'.
Habitat
Dry savannas, open acacia woodlands, and arid thorn scrub.
Range
Southern Africa, ranging from southern Angola and Zambia to South Africa and Mozambique.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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