Smith's Longspur illustration
Birdsong field guide

Smith's Longspur

Calcarius pictus

A medium-sized, ground-dwelling songbird of the Arctic tundra, distinguished by its warm buff underparts and complex social structure.

What it sounds like

A dry, rapid, clicking rattle similar to the sound of a winding watch, often transcribed as 'tick-tick-tick-tick'.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
0:00 / 0:04
Rec. Frank Lambert · United StatesCC BY-NC-NDXeno-canto

Field notes

  • Practices a rare polygynandrous mating system where both males and females mate with multiple partners during a single season.
  • Named by John James Audubon in honor of his friend Gideon B. Smith, a physician and entomologist.
  • Possesses an elongated, straight hind claw (the 'longspur') that provides stability while foraging in grassy environments.
  • Wintering populations are notoriously fond of the short-grass habitat found on small, rural airport runways in the southern Great Plains.
  • Males exhibit a striking breeding plumage featuring a black-and-white triangular face pattern and a rich ochre breast.
Habitat
Arctic tundra during the breeding season; short-grass prairies, grazed pastures, and airports during winter.
Range
Breeds across northern Alaska and Canada; winters primarily in the south-central United States, including Oklahoma, Kansas, and Texas.

Similar & commonly confused birds

Heard a Smith's Longspur?

Open Birdsong, tap record, and identify the bird singing near you in seconds — then collect it in your field journal.

Identify a bird by its song