Red-eyed Vireo illustration
Birdsong field guide

Red-eyed Vireo

Vireo olivaceus

A small, olive-green forest songbird distinguished by a gray crown, bold white eyebrow, and namesake red iris in adults.

What it sounds like

A repetitive series of short, whistled phrases with alternating rising and falling inflections, often interpreted as 'Here-I-am, over-here, see-me?'

Reference call, compare with what you heard
0:00 / 0:47
Rec. Thomas Ryder Payne · CanadaCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • Adults possess bright red irises, but juveniles have dark brown eyes until their first spring.
  • They are among the most prolific singers in North America, with individuals recorded singing over 20,000 phrases in a single day.
  • The nest is a delicate, pendulous cup suspended from a horizontal tree fork, often constructed using spider silk and decorated with lichen.
  • Though primarily insectivorous during the breeding season, they shift to a fruit-heavy diet while wintering in the Amazon basin.
  • They are long-distance neotropical migrants, traveling thousands of miles between their northern breeding grounds and South America.
Habitat
Deciduous and mixed-deciduous woodlands with a dense leafy canopy.
Range
Breeds across much of North America and Canada; winters in northern and central South America.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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